MercoPress. South Atlantic News Agency

Brazil closely monitoring evolution of Chinese economy: real estate sector linked to iron ore exports

The Chinese building industry consumes iron ore from Brazil and Australia, accounting for 40% of China’s steel consumption.

Brazil is keeping close track of events and performance of the Chinese economy, particularly those areas that might have an impact on the exports of the leading and largest South American economy.

One such fact came from the Chinese National Bureau of Statistics which released another negative data point, with industrial profits showing a 6.7% decline in July compared to the same month last year. However, this drop was less severe than the 8.5% decrease recorded in June.

The Chinese real estate sector, which is at the heart of the country’s recession, is of particular concern for Brazilian exports. The building industry consumes iron ore from Brazil and Australia, accounting for 40% of China’s steel consumption.

Evergrande, which started China’s economic problems over a year and a half ago with its liquidity crisis, asked last week for the resumption of trading of its shares on the Hong Kong Stock Exchange on Monday (28). Trading had been suspended since March of the previous year.

Alongside its request for protection submitted in the United States ten days ago, this action is part of the debt restructuring process. On a positive note for the Hong Kong Stock Exchange, Evergrande’s subsidiary for real estate services reported a 43% growth in profits for the first half of the year.

However, Evergrande’s symbolic return to the financial market is in contrast with the issues faced by its competitor, Country Garden, which two weeks ago signaled “uncertainties” regarding bond payments. On Friday (25), Country Garden postponed a decision on extending the bonds due to a lack of shareholder support.

In the first half of this year, the sales of the real estate developer dropped by 30% compared to the same period in 2022.

”Brazil is closely monitoring the fluctuations in China’s data on a daily basis, stated Minister of Finance, Fernando Haddad, during a press conference in South Africa at the BRICS summit. “We continue to follow the most recent developments, but the diagnosis is not yet concluded, as different people have different views on the scope of the problem,” he said.

He added that the situation still warrants caution, but the size of the problem is not sufficiently clear based on the information received. Haddad also mentioned that attention from abroad is also focused on the United States and Argentina, regarding the record-high long-term interest rates in the US and the economic collapse of its Mercosur main partner.

Fellow Australian official, Jim Chalmers, confessed to Sky News that he is also “closely monitoring the [Chinese economy] situation with concern,” citing the Chinese real estate sector and the “obvious implications for Australia,” a major exporter of iron ore and other raw materials.

Tatiana Prazeres, Brazil's Secretary of Foreign Trade at the Ministry of Development, said that “a decrease in activity in China’s real estate sector affects demand for steel and iron ore, but Brazilian ore is very competitive” due to its quality and high iron content.

Overall, she continued, while acknowledging the deceleration, “exports to China continued to perform very positively.” She emphasized the importance of caution but maintained the projection that they could reach US$ 90 billion this year, “a slight increase” compared to 2022.

“We monitor our sales to China on a weekly basis, and the results confirm the positive outlook for the year,” she said. “Exports of corn, followed by soybeans, iron ore, oil, and sugar, are driving the recent growth of our sales to China, even with prices working against us.”

The Australian mining company BHP, the main competitor of Brazilian company Vale in the Chinese market, stated last week upon announcing its first-half results that “demand for commodities has remained relatively robust in China and India,” despite a “substantial” reduction in developed countries.

In the short term, it added, “China’s trajectory depends on the effectiveness of recent measures and the implementation of stimulus policies, particularly in relation to the real estate sector.” Nevertheless, Chinese demand remains “reasonably healthy,” mentioning sectors like automobiles.

The Chinese government continues to announce stimulus measures, particularly for the real estate sector. On Friday, it extended a tax incentive for property buyers by two years and allowed individuals with a mortgage to borrow money to buy another property. While the stock markets briefly rose, the effects were short-lived.

On the other hand, there is another sign that Beijing will not interfere significantly beyond these measures. A columnist from Jingji Ribao (Economic Daily), a financial newspaper linked to the Chinese Communist Party, reiterated a phrase from Xi Jinping that guides China’s restraint in the sector: “Houses are for living in, not for speculation,” a statement he made six years ago.